Tratamiento fibrinolítico con activador del plasminógeno tisular. Resultados en la práctica clínica con un modelo de actuación multidisciplinario / Fibrinolytic treatment with tissue plasminogen activator. Outcomes in clinical practice with a multidisciplinary model of intervention

Introducción y objetivo. El tratamiento del infarto cerebral agudo con activador del plasminógeno tisular (rt-PA) se ha aplicado hasta ahora de forma restrictiva en grandes centros con unidades de ictus de agudos. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar la seguridad y eficacia de este tratamiento en un centro sin experiencia previa siguiendo un modelo multidisciplinario. Pacientes y métodos. Estudio prospectivo y observacional que incluyó pacientes con ictus isquémico agudo de menos de 3 h de evolución tratados con rt-PA endovenoso desde enero de 2004 a diciembre de 2006. Se valoraron variables basales, complicaciones hemorrágicas, respuesta al tratamiento y evolución funcional mediante la escala de Rankin modificada a (mRS) los 3 meses. El tratamiento y control se aplicó siguiendo un protocolo multidisciplinario con una dirección compartida por los servicios de Medicina Intensiva y Neurología. Resultados. Se trataron 46 pacientes, con una edad media de 67 ± 12 años (63% hombres). NIH pretratamiento: 13,6 ± 4,7; mediana: 13,5; rango: 5-22. El tiempo entre el inicio de los síntomas y la llegada al hospital fue de 53 ± 27 min, y el tiempo puerta-aguja, de 69 ± 27 min. A las 24 h, un 48% de los pacientes había mejorado en la escala NIH > 4 puntos. Se observaron un total de 10 transformaciones hemorrágicas (21,7%), ninguna de ellas sintomática. A los tres meses, un 54,3% de los pacientes era independiente funcionalmente (mRS: 0-2). La mortalidad a los 90 días fue del 13,1%. Conclusión. La administración de rt-PA a pacientes con ictus isquémico agudo en la práctica asistencial siguiendo un protocolo multidisciplinario es segura y con una evolución neurológica comparable a ensayos y estudios clínicos

Introduction and aims. Until now treatment of acute cerebral infarction with tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) has been applied to a limited extent in large medical centres with acute stroke units. The aim of this study is to determine the safety and effectiveness of this treatment in a centre with no previous experience following a multidisciplinary model. Patients and methods. We conducted a prospective, observation-based study involving patients who were treated with intravenous rt-PA within 3 hours of suffering an acute ischaemic stroke between January 2004 and December 2006. Basal variables, haemorrhagic complications, response to treatment and functional progress were evaluated using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3 months. Treatment and control were applied following a multidisciplinary protocol implemented by the Intensive Medicine and Neurology services. Results. In all, 46 patients were treated, their mean age being 67 ± 12 years (63% males). NIH pre-treatment: 13.6 ± 4.7; median: 13.5; range: 5-22. Time elapsed between the onset of symptoms and arrival at the hospital was 53 ± 27 min, and door-to-needle time was 69 ± 27 min. At 24 hours, 48% of patients had improved their scores on the NIH scale > 4 points. A total of 10 haemorrhagic transformations (21.7%) were observed, none of which were symptomatic. At three months, 54.3% of patients were functionally independent (mRS: 0-2). Mortality rate at 90 days was 13.1%. Conclusions. Administration of rt-PA to patients with acute ischaemic stroke in health care practice following a multidisciplinary protocol is safe and has a neurological progression that is comparable to clinical trials and studies

[Fibrinolytic treatment with tissue plasminogen activator. Outcomes in clinical practice with a multidisciplinary model of intervention]. / Tratamiento fibrinolítico con activador del plasminógeno tisular. Resultados en la práctica clínica con un modelo de actuación multidisciplinario.

INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Until now treatment of acute cerebral infarction with tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) has been applied to a limited extent in large medical centres with acute stroke units. The aim of this study is to determine the safety and effectiveness of this treatment in a centre with no previous experience following a multidisciplinary model. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a prospective, observation-based study involving patients who were treated with intravenous rt-PA within 3 hours of suffering an acute ischaemic stroke between January 2004 and December 2006. Basal variables, haemorrhagic complications, response to treatment and functional progress were evaluated using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3 months. Treatment and control were applied following a multidisciplinary protocol implemented by the Intensive Medicine and Neurology services. RESULTS: In all, 46 patients were treated, their mean age being 67 +/- 12 years (63% males). NIH pre-treatment: 13.6 +/- 4.7; median: 13.5; range: 5-22. Time elapsed between the onset of symptoms and arrival at the hospital was 53 +/- 27 min, and door-to-needle time was 69 +/- 27 min. At 24 hours, 48% of patients had improved their scores on the NIH scale > 4 points. A total of 10 haemorrhagic transformations (21.7%) were observed, none of which were symptomatic. At three months, 54.3% of patients were functionally independent (mRS: 0-2). Mortality rate at 90 days was 13.1%. CONCLUSIONS: Administration of rt-PA to patients with acute ischaemic stroke in health care practice following a multidisciplinary protocol is safe and has a neurological progression that is comparable to clinical trials and studies.

[Acute renal insufficiency associated to cocaine consumption]. / Insuficiencia renal aguda por consumo de cocaína.

Acute renal insufficiency associated to cocaine consumption is well known, and normally secondary to rhabdomyolisis. The possibility that renal failure is related to hypertension and to renal histopathological findings indistinguishable of other malignant hypertension conditions is a not as well known fact. Certain derivatives of cocaine are powerful vasospasm inducers, which could be the key of the origin of the ischemic lesions that appears not only in the kidney but in other organs, especially in the nervous system. We present four patients with acute renal insufficiency, two of them because of malignant hypertension, another one because of cocaine consumption with very severe ischemic neurological lesions, but reversible with the withdrawal of the drug, and another one because of rhabdomyolisis. The latest patient had a different evolution probably related to the different habit of consumption and perhaps as a consequence of different derivatives of cocaine.

Hipertensión arterial maligna e insuficiencia renal aguda por consumo de cocaína / Malignant hypertension and acute renal failure due to cocaine abuse

No disponible